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不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式有規(guī)律記
動(dòng)詞 過(guò)去式
be (am\ is) was are were come came go went do (does) did fly flew draw drew make made sing sang have (has) had eat ate drink drank put put let let read read can could see saw meet met get got forget forgot take took can could may might shall should will would know knew begin began bend bent build built spend spent mean meant learn learnt， learned buy bought think thought teach taught catch caught sleep slept sweep swept keep kept speak spoke ride rode feel felt leave left give gave run ran ring rang sit sat swim swam say said stand stood tell told throw threw win won write wrote 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成 1．把動(dòng)詞原形中的 i 改為 a，變成過(guò)去式。如： begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang， sit—sat，swim—swam 2．把重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中的 i 改為 o，變成過(guò)去式。如： drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote 3．改動(dòng)詞原形中的 aw ／ow 為 ew，變成過(guò)去式。如： draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（動(dòng)詞 show 除外， show—showed） 4．動(dòng)詞原形中的 e 改為 o，變成過(guò)去式。如： get—got，forget—forgot 5．動(dòng)詞原形中的 ee 改為 e，變成過(guò)去式。如： feed—fed，meet—met 6．動(dòng)詞原形中的 eep 改為 ept，變成過(guò)去式。如： keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept 7．動(dòng)詞原形中的 eak 改為 oke，變成過(guò)去式。如： break—broke，speak—spoke 8．動(dòng)詞原形中的 ell 改為 old，變成過(guò)去式。如： sell—sold，tell—told 9．動(dòng)詞原形中的 an 改為 oo，變成過(guò)去式。如： stand—stood，understand—understood 10．以 ought 和 aught 結(jié)尾，且讀音是［C:t］的過(guò)去式。如： bring—brought，buy— bought，think—thought，catch—caught， teach—taught 11．以 ould 結(jié)尾且讀音為［ud］的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。如： can—could，shall—should，will—would 12．把動(dòng)詞原形中的 o 改為 a，變成過(guò)去式。如： come—came，become—became 13．在動(dòng)詞原形后加 d 或 t 變成過(guò)去式，并且發(fā)生音變。如： hear［hi[］—heard［h[:d］， say［sei］—said［sed］， mean［mi:n］—meant［ment］ 14．動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式與動(dòng)詞原形一樣。如： let—let，must—must，put—put，read—read［red］ 15．不符合上述規(guī)律的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。如： am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate， fall—fell，feel—felt，find—found，fly—flew，go—went， have ／has— had，hold—held，leave—left，make—made， may—might，run—ran，see—saw，take—took 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞巧記方法 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞是初中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中的重點(diǎn)，而有些動(dòng)詞的不規(guī)則變化是這些重點(diǎn)中的難點(diǎn)，但這些不規(guī)則變化也不是毫無(wú)規(guī)律可循的。現(xiàn)將初中英語(yǔ)中一些常用的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化介紹如下。 一、原形、過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞的詞形和讀音都相同的單詞，結(jié)尾字母一般是t或d。如： cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost,let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread 特殊：動(dòng)詞 read 的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞雖然詞形與原形一致，read-read-read，但發(fā)音分別是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。 二、有些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞與原形是一樣的。如： come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome 三、有些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞相同。如： 1. 把單詞結(jié)尾的字母 d 改為 t。如： lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent 2. 改變單詞中間元音字母。如： sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held 3. 以 eep 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把 eep 改為 ept。如： keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept 4. 過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都以 augh 或 ough 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞。如： buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught 5. 有的以 ay 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞中把 ay 變成 aid。如： say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid 6. 另有一些其它形式的變化。如： have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-met-met, feel-felt-felt 四、有些動(dòng)詞原形中含有字母 i，在過(guò)去式中變 i 為 a，在過(guò)去分詞中變 i 為 u。如： 五、以字母 ow 或 aw 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在變成過(guò)去式時(shí)，通常把元音字母變成 e，在變成過(guò)去分詞時(shí)，通常只在詞尾加 n。如： blow- blew- blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew-known 六、有些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞是在原形詞尾加 n 或 en，變成以 en 結(jié)尾的單詞。如： rise-rose-risen, give-gave-given, take-took-taken, fall-fell-fallen, drive-drove-driven, eat-ate-eaten 特殊： write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, ride-rode-ridden, get-got-gotten |
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來(lái)自： gaodonmei > 《八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)》
