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1.sound, voice, noise
sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside. 2. exercise, exercises, practice exercise運動，鍛煉(不可數(shù))，exercises練習(xí)(可數(shù))，practice(反復(fù)做的)練習(xí) take exercise 做運動 3. work, job 二者均指工作。work不可數(shù)，job可數(shù) a good job，What interesting work it is! 4. cook, cooker cook廚師，cooker廚具 He is a good cook. 5. police, policeman police警察的總稱，后接復(fù)數(shù)謂語動詞，policeman 指某個具體的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house. 6. problem, question problem常和困難聯(lián)系，前面的動詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問聯(lián)系，多和ask, answer連用 7. price, prize price價格，prize獎，獎品，獎金 win the first prize The price is high/low. 8. a number of, the number of a number of許多，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。the number of…的數(shù)目，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。The number of students is increasing. 9. in front of, in the front of in front of范圍外的前面，in the front of范圍內(nèi)的前面 A boy sits in the front of the room. 10. next year, the next year next year將來時間狀語，the next year過去將來時間狀語 He said he would go abroad the next year. 11. in bed, on the bed in bed臥在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed. 12. the people, a people the people指人，a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people. 13. it, one it同一物體，one同類不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one. 14. that, this that指代上文所提到的，this導(dǎo)出下文所要說的 I was ill. That's why… 15. none, nothing, no one none強調(diào)有多少，nothing, no one強調(diào)有沒有，nothing指物，no one指人 --- How many…/How much…? --- None. 16. anyone, any one anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人/物均可，可接of, any one of you 17. who, what
who指姓名或關(guān)系，what指職業(yè)或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher. 18. what, which what的選擇基礎(chǔ)是無限制的，which在一定范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行選擇 Which do you prefer, bananas or apples? 19. other, another other后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)，another后接名詞單數(shù) other students, another student 20. many, much, a lot of many和可數(shù)名詞連用，much和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books. 21. much more…than, many more…than much more…than后接形容詞或不可數(shù)名詞，many more…than后接可數(shù)名詞 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful 22. no, not no=not a/any, no friend=not a/any friend, no water=not any water 23. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself by oneself單獨的，獨自的，for oneself為自己，to oneself供自己用的 24. at all, after all at all根本，全然, after all到底，畢竟 After all he is a child. 25. tall, high tall常指人或動物，high常指物體 He is tall. 26. fast, quickly fast側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運動速度快的特點，quickly側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly 27. high, highly high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of(高度贊揚) 28. sleeping, asleep, sleepy sleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby， The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy. 29. real, true real真的，真實的，指的是事實上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事實和實際情況相符合 real gold, a true story 30. pleasant, pleased, pleasing pleasant常用作定語，pleased常用作表語，pleased主語常為人，a pleasant trip，be pleased with…對…感到滿意/開心 31. ill, sick ill做表語，sick定語、表語均可 a sick boy, He is sick/ill. 32. good, well good形容詞，well副詞，但指身體狀況是形容詞 He is well again. 33. hard, hardly hard努力，hardly幾乎不 work hard, I can hardly believe it. 34. excited, exciting excited使人興奮的，exciting令人興奮的 I'm excited. The news is exciting. 35. before long, long before before long不久以后，long before很久以前 36. happy, glad happy高興，幸福，定表均可，glad高興，只能做表語 a happy girl, I’m happy/ glad to see you. 37. instead, instead of instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，instead of是介詞短語，放在句中 He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film. 38. too much, much too too much 后接不可數(shù)名詞，much too后接形容詞 much too heavy 39. raise, rise raise及物動詞，rise不及物動詞 The sun rises in the east. Raise your hand, please. 40. bring, take, carry, fetch bring拿來，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動作 fetch a box of chalk 41. spend, take, pay, cost spend人做主語，花錢，花時間; spend…on sth./(in) doing sth; take物做主語，花時間; It takes sb some time to do sth.; pay人做主語，花錢，pay for; cost物做主語，花錢;sth cost some money 42. join, join in, take part in join加入某個組織，并成為其中的一員;join in參加小型的活動, join sb. in; take part in 參加大型的活動 He joined the army five years ago. 43. learn, study learn學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果，study學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的過程，研究 study the problem 44. want, hope, wish want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望(通?？梢詫崿F(xiàn))，hope to do/ hope that… wish希望(通常不能實現(xiàn))wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success. 45. answer, reply answer及物動詞，reply不及物動詞，后接 to, reply to the letter 46. leave, leave for leave離開，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai. 47. drop, fall drop及物\不及物均可，fall不及物動詞 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice. 48. win, lose, beat win后接sth.，反義詞為lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them 49. live on, live by live on以…為主食，live by靠…謀生 live on fish/ live by fishing 50. catch a cold, have a cold catch a cold不能和表示"一段時間"的狀語連用，而have a cold可以 She has had a cold for a week. 51. change for, change into change for調(diào)換成，change into變成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice. 52. go for a doctor, go to a doctor go for a doctor去請醫(yī)生，go to a doctor去看病 53. arrive, get, reach arrive不及物動詞，后接in (大地點)，at(小地點)，get不及物動詞后接to，reach及物動詞 arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing 54. agree with, agree to,
agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事， agree with you, agree to the plan, agree to do sth 55. receive, accept receive收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it. 56. wear, put on, dress wear和dress表狀態(tài),wear接衣服等,可用進(jìn)行時，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表動作 It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes. 57. listen, hear listen強調(diào)動作，hear強調(diào)結(jié)果 I listened, but I heard nothing. 58. look, see, watch look看的動作，see看的結(jié)果，watch強調(diào)所看物體的變化、移動和發(fā)展watch TV 59. lie, lay lie躺，位于(lay, lain),說謊(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book 60. turn, get, grow turn表突變，后常接表顏色的詞，get強調(diào)變的結(jié)果，grow強調(diào)過程，逐漸的變化 turn yellow, get tired, grow big 61. close, shut, turn off close和shut當(dāng)關(guān)解時可以通用，用于可開合的物體，turn off用于指有開關(guān)的物體 Close/Shut the door. Turn off the TV. 62. at, in (表地點) at小地點，in大地點 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai 63. day after day, day by day day after day日復(fù)一日(無變化);day by day一天天地(有變化)Trees grow taller day by day. 64. after, in (表時間) after接時間點，in接時間段,用于將來時 after 7:00, in five minutes 65. between, among between兩者之間，三者或三者以上兩兩之間, among三者或三者以上之間 Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy. 66. through, across through穿越空間，across在…上穿過 through the forest, across the desert 67. above, on, over above在上面，不接觸，on在上面，接觸，over在正上方 fly over the hill 68. until, not…until until到…為止， not…until直到…才(常跟點動詞連用)I waited until 3:00. He didn't come until 3:00. 69. besides, except besides除了…還(包括在內(nèi))except除了(不包括在內(nèi))， 70. because, because of because連詞，連接兩句話，because of后接詞或短語 He didn't go to school because of his illness. 71. for example, such as for example一般只列舉一個，such as列舉多個例子 I have been to a lot of American cities, such as New York, Atlanta and Chicago. 72. All right. That's all right. That's right. All right好吧;That's all right.沒關(guān)系;That's right. 那是對的 ---Sorry. --- That's all right. 73. such…that, so…that 當(dāng)如此…以至于解時，such…that修飾名詞，so…that修飾形容詞或副詞， 但名詞前面如果有many, much, little, few修飾用so…that，不用such that so many people that… such a lovely boy=so lovely a boy 74. Shall I…? Will you…? Shall I…? 征求對方意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵?，意為我?#8230;嗎? Will you…?請求或建議對方做某事，意為你愿意…嗎? Will you help me? Yes, I will. |
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