免费高清特黄a大片,九一h片在线免费看,a免费国产一级特黄aa大,国产精品国产主播在线观看,成人精品一区久久久久,一级特黄aa大片,俄罗斯无遮挡一级毛片

分享

2014中考英語----介詞復(fù)習(xí)

 紫曦唯冪1 2013-08-23

2014中考英語----介詞復(fù)習(xí)常用介詞介紹

  (一)表示時(shí)間的介詞:

  1at, on, in

  (1) at表示在某一時(shí)刻、某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)

  at 5:30  5:30   at sunrise 日出時(shí)   at lunch 午飯時(shí)

  at noon  正午時(shí)  at night 夜間

  I get up at 6:00 every day. 我每天6:00起床。

  表示……時(shí)用at the age of…。

  如:at the age of five 在五歲時(shí)

  (2) on表示在具體某一天或某天的上、下午。如:

  on Monday在星期一   on April 1st在四月一日

  I heard a shot on the morning of March 18.三月十八日早晨我聽到一聲槍響。

  泛指上、下午、晚上、夜間時(shí)用in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night;但若指具體某一天的上述時(shí)段時(shí),則一律用on。

  如:on the afternoon of May 23 在五月二十三日下午

  (3) in表示在某月、季節(jié)、年、世紀(jì)以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。

  in September  在九月     in winter        在冬季

  in 1999     1999年    in the 20th century  在20世紀(jì)

  in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上

  2for, during, through

  (1) for表示一段時(shí)間,后接與數(shù)詞連用的時(shí)間名詞。多與完成時(shí)連用。

  I’ve been a soldier for 5 years.我入伍已5年了。

  She has been ill for several days. 她已經(jīng)病了幾天了。

  表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間時(shí),for后面必須跟數(shù)字+時(shí)間名詞,而during后決不可接數(shù)字。

  (2) during表示……期間

  He visited many nice places during his stay here.在他逗留期間他參觀了許多美麗的地方。

  What did you do during the summer vacation? 你在暑假做了什么?

  (3) through表示一直……,自始至終

  They worked hard through the winter.整個(gè)冬天他們都在努力工作。

  She treated me like her brother through these years. 這些年來她始終把我當(dāng)哥哥對待。

 

  3from, since

  (1)  from ……”解,多用于“from…to/till…”中。

  You can come anytime from Monday to Friday. 周一至周五你什么時(shí)間來都行。

  The exam will start from 9:00am . 考試將從上午九點(diǎn)開始。

  from“……(開始)未必持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,如:

  from 1995 to 1998.1995年到1998年。

  而since是指自從……以來一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在

  since一般只與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用,而from不受此限。

  (2) since表示自從……以來(直到現(xiàn)在)

  He has been away from home since 1973.他自從1973年就離開了家鄉(xiāng)。

  We have known each other since ten years ago.我們十年前就認(rèn)識了。

  forsince表示一段時(shí)間,但for與時(shí)間段連用,而since與時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用。

  如for two hours(持續(xù))兩小時(shí);since last week自從上周直到現(xiàn)在

  4before, by, till, until

  (1) before……之前

  Please come before ten o’clock.10點(diǎn)以前來。

  The meeting will end after 3:00 p.m. 會(huì)議將在下午三點(diǎn)后結(jié)束。

  表示……以前時(shí),beforeby基本可通用。但by還有截至……為止之意,此時(shí)可與完成時(shí)連用,而before一般不與完成時(shí)連用。如:

  How many models have you made by the end of last month?

  截至上月底你做了多少個(gè)模型?

  (2) by不遲于,到……時(shí)為止,在……以前

  I must finish my homework by lunch.午飯前我必須做完作業(yè)。

  We had learned over 1000 words by the end of last term. 

  到上學(xué)期末為止,我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了1000多個(gè)單詞了。

  (3) tell (until) “直到……為止

  You must wait for him till tomorrow.你必須一直等他到明天。

  He didn’t come back until twelve o’clock last night.他昨晚到12點(diǎn)才回來。

  在肯定句中,till (until)必須與延續(xù)動(dòng)詞連用。若與點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞連用,till (until)只能用于否定句中。

  5after,  in,  within

  after表示……之后,是before的反義詞。

  We’ll hold a party after dinner.晚餐后我們將舉辦晚會(huì)。

  He got a cancer and died after a year.他患了癌癥,一年后去世了。

  I’ll phone you after I arrive.到達(dá)后我給你打電話。(after作連詞)

  within“……時(shí)間之內(nèi)

  I can finish it within an hour.我不需一小時(shí)就可把它做完。

  in“……時(shí)間之后

  I’ll arrive in an hour.我一小時(shí)后到達(dá)。

  比 較   afterin

  after后可跟時(shí)間段,也可跟時(shí)間點(diǎn),如after school(放學(xué)后),

  而in后必須跟一段時(shí)間,如in an hour(一小時(shí)后)。

  after既可用于將來時(shí),也可用于過去時(shí),而in只能用于將來時(shí)。

  after既可作介詞,又可作連詞,而in只能作介詞

  inwithin后都必須跟時(shí)間段。

  (二)表示地點(diǎn)、方向的介詞:

  1inoutside,between, among

  in表示……里面,如:

  What’s in the box? 盒子里是什么?

  She put her book in the desk. 她把書放進(jìn)了書桌。

  outside……外面

  There are many people outside the room.房間外有很多人。

  What did your see outside the hall? 你在大廳外看見了什么?

  between……之間(指二者)

  There is a hospital between the hotel and the post office.在賓館與郵局之間有所醫(yī)院。

  The building stands between the park and the small river. 那棟建筑位于公園和小河之間。  

  between是指在兩者之間,而among在多個(gè)之間。

  among……之間(指三者以上)

  “There is a thief among you.” The policeman shouted to the crowd.

  警察向人群喊道:你們中間有個(gè)小偷!

  He found his place among the crowd. 他在人群中找到了他的位置。

  2on, above, over, below, under

  (1) on……上面,表面相互接觸。

  There is an apple on the table. 桌上有一個(gè)蘋果。

  On the top of the hill, there is a flag. 山頂有一面旗子。

  (2) above只表示……上方或位置高出……”,與below相對。

  A plane flew above our heads.一架飛機(jī)從我們頭上飛過。

  The Turners live above us. 特納一家人住在我們的上面。

  (3) over“……正上方,與under相對。

  There is a bridge over the river.河上有一座橋。

  The picture is hanging over the blackboard. 那張圖掛在黑板的正上方。

  (4) below……下方,低于……

  There are many flowers below the window.窗下有很多花。

  Her skirt reaches just below her knees.她的裙子剛到膝蓋下。

  (5) under……正下方

  They sat under a big tree, drinking.他們坐在一棵大樹下喝酒。

  What are you wearing under your coat? 你外套里面穿了什么?

  3near, by, beside

  (1) near……附近,與far相對

  A hospital was built near the railway station.在火車站附近建了一所醫(yī)院。

  My home is near the school. 我的家離學(xué)校很近。

  (2) by = beside,靠近,在……旁邊,比near距離更近 

  He just sat by/ beside me in the cinema.在電影院他就坐在我旁邊。

  He lay down beside the statuary. 他在雕像旁躺下了。

  4in front of, behind, around

  (1) in front of……前面

  A river flows in front of the house.房子前有一條河

  They put a bunch of flowers in front of the door. 他們在門前放了一束花?!    ?/SPAN>

  in the front of表示……前部,指里面。

  There is a red chair in the front of the room.在房間前半部有把紅椅子。

  (2) behind……后面

  A high building stands behind the village.村子后面有一高層建筑。

  The cat lies behind the door. 貓?zhí)稍陂T后面。

  (3) around……周圍,圍繞

  There are many trees around the village.村子周圍有很多樹圍繞。

  There are flowers around the stage. 舞臺周圍擺著鮮花。

  5from, to, for, into, out of

  (1) from……

  The train started from Paris.火車發(fā)自巴黎。

  She will fly from Beijing to Hong Kong . 她將從北京飛往香港。

  (2) to……(目的地)去,向……

  He went to Germany last year.他去年去了德國。

  They got to the town very late. 他們很晚才到那個(gè)鎮(zhèn)。

  (3) for……,表目的方向

  He left for Tianjin on business yesterday.他昨天出差去天津了。

  The train for Shanghai has been away. 去往上海的火車已經(jīng)開走了。

  towards, tofor都可表示……”,其區(qū)別如下:

  towards僅指朝向某個(gè)方向,不一定是目的地,而 tofor都是向目的地

  for向(目的地)時(shí),常用于固定搭配中,如:leave for; start for

  (4) into進(jìn)入

  Please put the water into the bottle.請把水倒入瓶子里。

  The teacher came into the classroom with a smile. 老師微笑著走進(jìn)了教室。

  (5) out of……出來

  A beautiful girl in red went out of the shop.一個(gè)穿紅衣服的漂亮女孩從商店里走了出來。

  They pulled him out of the water. 他們把他從水里拉了出來。

  6along, across, through

  (1) along沿著

  He likes to drive along the river.他喜歡沿著河開車。

  There are all kinds of beautiful flowers along the road / street. 沿街有著各種美麗的花。

  (2) across橫穿

  The little girl is afraid to go across the street.這個(gè)小女孩不敢橫穿馬路。

  It’s dangerous to run across the busy road. 跑著穿越繁忙的馬路是很危險(xiǎn)的。

  (3) through穿過

  It took us ten minutes to drive through the tunnel.開車穿過這條隧道花了我們10分鐘時(shí)間。

  He pushed his way through the crowd to the platform. 他從人群里擠到了站臺。

  7at, in

  二者都表示在某個(gè)地方,但at多指較小的地方,如車站、家等,而in多指在大地方,如城市、國家、大洲等。(但大小有時(shí)也是相對的)。

  He lives at No.27 Zhongshan street in Nanjing.他住在南京市中山路27號。

  The plane will arrive in Beijing at 13:00. 飛機(jī)將于13點(diǎn)到達(dá)北京。

  三、其它用途的介詞:

  1 表示標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或單位的介詞:at, for, by

  (1) at表示……速度”“……價(jià)格

  He drove at a speed of 80 miles an hour.他以每小時(shí)80英里的速度行駛。

  I sold my car at a high price.我以高價(jià)出售了我的汽車。

  (2) for……交換

  I bought it for 20 dollars.買它花了我20美元。

  How much for these apples? 這些蘋果多少錢?

  atfor都表示價(jià)格,但at表示單價(jià)”,for表示總價(jià),at后一般跟“price”這個(gè)詞,而for后只能跟總錢數(shù)。

  如:I bought it at a low price.我買它的價(jià)格很低。

  I bought it at the price of $80 a pound.我以每磅80美元的價(jià)格買的它。

  I sold it for $10.10美元把它賣掉了。

  (3) by……計(jì),后跟度量單位

  Gold is sold by the gram.金以克出售。

  They paid him by the month.他們按月給他計(jì)酬。

  2.表示材料的介詞:of, from, in

  (1) of表示從成品仍可看出原料。

  This box is made of paper.這個(gè)盒子是紙做的。

  This salad is made of apples and strawberries. 這種沙拉是由蘋果和草莓做的。

  (2) from表示從成品已看不出原料。

  Bread is made from wheat.面包是小麥做的。

  The lifeboat is made from some special material. 這個(gè)救生艇是由某種特殊材料制成的。

  (3) in……材料?!?/SPAN> 常用write, speak, talk, answer等連用。

  Please fill in the form in pencil first.請先用鉛筆填寫這個(gè)表格。

  They talk in English.他們用英語交談。

  in指材料時(shí),材料前不用冠詞。

  比較:用鉛筆畫  

  3.表示工具或手段的介詞:by, with, on

  (1) by憑借工具或手段(多用于交通工具)如:  by bus乘公共汽車,by plane乘飛機(jī)

  He usually goes to work by bike.他通常騎車去上班。

  He sent the news to me by e-mail.他通過電子郵件發(fā)給了我這一消息。

  表示搭乘交通工具時(shí),既可用by,又可用in,區(qū)別在于用by時(shí),表示交通工具的名詞前不能加冠詞,而用in時(shí)名詞前必須加冠詞。

  

  (2) with……工具

  He broke the window with a stone.他用石頭把窗戶打破了。

  He stopped the ball with his right foot.他用右腳把球停住。

  with表示……工具時(shí),工具前必須加冠詞或物主代詞。

  (3) on……方式。多用于固定詞組。

  They talked on the telephone.他們通過電話進(jìn)行交談。

  She learns English on the radio/on TV.她通過收音機(jī)/電視學(xué)英語。

  4.表示關(guān)于的介詞:of, about, on

  (1) of僅指關(guān)于人或事物的存在,如:

  He spoke of the film the other day.他前幾天提到了這部影片。

  

  He thought of this matter yesterday.他昨天想到了這件事。

  He thought about this matter yesterday.他昨天考慮了這件事。

  (2) about關(guān)于某人或某事物的較詳細(xì)的情況。

  It’s a book for children about Africa and its people.

  它是一本供兒童閱讀的關(guān)于非洲和非洲人的書。

  Can you tell me something about yourself? 你能告訴我一些關(guān)于你自己的事情嗎?

  (3) on是指關(guān)于學(xué)術(shù)性的或嚴(yán)肅的,供專門研究用的。

  It’s a textbook on the history of China.它是一本有關(guān)中國歷史的教科書。

  5.表示原因、理由的介詞:for, at, from, of, with

  (1) for表示一般的理由常與famous, punish等詞連用。

  Xi’an is famous for its long history.西安因歷史悠久而著名。

  The city is well known for her large population. 這座城市以人口眾多而知名。

  (2) at一般指情感的原因,通常放在表示驚訝或喜悅等感情的動(dòng)詞或形容詞之后,表示因聽到或看到而……”。

  She got angry at his words.她因?yàn)樗脑捝鷼饬恕?/SPAN>

  (3) from表示外在的原因。如受傷、車禍等。

  He died from the wound.他因受傷而致死。

  Her son was badly hurt in a traffic accident. 她兒子在一次車禍中嚴(yán)重受傷。

  (4) of表示內(nèi)在的原因,如病、餓等。

  He died of cancer.他死于癌癥。

  The old man died of hunger.老人死于饑餓。

  (5) with表示由外在影響到肉體或心理的原因。

  He shook with cold.他因寒冷而發(fā)抖。

  He shouted loudly with anger. 他氣得大喊大叫。

  6like, as

  (1) like……一樣(其實(shí)不是)

  The little tiger looks like a cat.這只小老虎看起來像只貓。

  The mooncakes are like the moon. 月餅像月亮。

  (2) as作為,以……身份(其實(shí)是)

  He was hanged as a spy.他被作為間諜絞死了。

  He talked to me as a father.他以父親的身份跟我談話。

  7against, for

  against反對,與for是反義詞,如:

  Are you for my idea or against it? 你贊同還是反對我的想法?

  They fought against the enemy. 他們抗擊敵人。

  8besides, except都表示除了besides的用法就等于as well as。

  He is interested in tennis besidesas well asfootball.  除了足球,他還對網(wǎng)球感興趣。

  (1besides是包括后面所提人或物在內(nèi)的除了,可以理解為除之外還、除之外,表示兩部分的相似性。

  Twenty-five students went to the cinema besides him.

  除他以外,還有25個(gè)學(xué)生去看了電影。(他和另外25人都去了)

  We like biology besides English.除了英語外,我們還喜歡生物。(生物和英語都喜歡)

 ?。?/SPAN>2except是指不包括后面所提人或物在內(nèi)的除了,可以理解為撇開不談”,表示兩部分的不同。

  Everyone is excited except me.除我以外的每個(gè)人都很激動(dòng)。(他們激動(dòng),而我卻不激動(dòng))

  All the visitors are Japanese except him.

  除他以外的所有游客都是日本人。(其他人是日本人,可他不是)

  介詞的省略

  在以下幾種情況中,介詞常常省略。

  1.當(dāng)表示時(shí)間的詞前有this, that, next, last, every, each, some, any, all等時(shí),介詞應(yīng)省略。

  We watched an exciting football match last week.last week前不能用介詞in等)

  上周我們看了一場激動(dòng)人心的足球賽。

  Come any day you like. 你想哪天來就哪天來。

  Come on any day you like.×

  next前可以加冠詞,但意義不同。

  next week下周(以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn))

  the next week第二周(以過去某時(shí)為起點(diǎn))

  2.表示時(shí)間的名詞前有不定冠詞,且不定冠詞作每一……”解時(shí),前面不用介詞,如:

  每小時(shí)80英里。

  80 miles in an hour.×

  80 miles an hour.

  An apple a day keeps the doctor away.每天吃一個(gè)蘋果,醫(yī)生不找我。

  3.含有way的短語。如:in the same way, in this/that way, in another way等用于句末時(shí),in常省略。

  She did it the same way..她用同樣的方法做的。


    本站是提供個(gè)人知識管理的網(wǎng)絡(luò)存儲(chǔ)空間,所有內(nèi)容均由用戶發(fā)布,不代表本站觀點(diǎn)。請注意甄別內(nèi)容中的聯(lián)系方式、誘導(dǎo)購買等信息,謹(jǐn)防詐騙。如發(fā)現(xiàn)有害或侵權(quán)內(nèi)容,請點(diǎn)擊一鍵舉報(bào)。
    轉(zhuǎn)藏 分享 獻(xiàn)花(0

    0條評論

    發(fā)表

    請遵守用戶 評論公約

    類似文章 更多