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花了較長時(shí)間和較多精力收集整理，包含了整個(gè)外貿(mào)以及國際貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域所有的外貿(mào)術(shù)語，貿(mào)易術(shù)語和外貿(mào)常用詞匯中英文對照，希望幫到更多有需要的外貿(mào)朋友 1. Trade-related Terms 貿(mào)易相關(guān)術(shù)語 A．貿(mào)易 Foreign Trade 對外貿(mào)易 Entrepot Trade F。） 轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易 Home （Domestic）Trade 內(nèi)貿(mào) Coastal Trade 沿海貿(mào)易 Cross-border Trade 邊境貿(mào)易 Barter Trade 易貨貿(mào)易 Compensation Trade 補(bǔ)償（互補(bǔ)）貿(mào)易 Bilateral trade （between China and the US） （中美）雙邊貿(mào)易 Multilateral Trade ( Multilaterism ) 多邊貿(mào)易 Trading House/Corporation/Firm/Company 貿(mào)易公司 Liner Trade 集裝箱班輪運(yùn)輸 B．合同 Contract 合同 Active service contracts on file 在備有效服務(wù)合同 Sales Contract 銷售合同 Sales Confirmation 銷售確認(rèn)書 Agreement 協(xié)議 Vessel sharing Agreement 共用艙位協(xié)議 Slot-sharing Agreement 共用箱位協(xié)議 Slot Exchange Agreement 箱位互換協(xié)議 Amendment 修正合同 Appendix 附錄 Quota 配額 C．服務(wù)合同 Service Contract as provided in the Shipping Act of 1984， a contract between a shipper （or a shippers association） and an ocean carrier （or conference）in which the shipper makes a commitment to provide a certain minimum quantity of cargo or freight revenue over a fixed time period，and the ocean common carrier or conference commits to a certain rate or rate schedules as wel as a defined service level （such as assured space，transit time， port rotation or similar service features）。The contract may also specify provisions in the event of non-performance on the part of either party 服務(wù)合同 A service contract is a confidential contract between a VOCC and 1 or more shippers in which the shipper(s) make a cargo commitment, and the carrier makes a rate and service commitment. 服務(wù)合同是一家有船承運(yùn)人與一個(gè)和多個(gè)托運(yùn)人簽訂的保密合同， 在合同中托運(yùn)人對貨量作出承諾，承運(yùn)人對運(yùn)價(jià)和服務(wù)作出承諾。 Only a VOCC (or agreement of VOCCs) may enter into a service contract as carrier. 只有有船承運(yùn)人（有船承運(yùn)人協(xié)議）可以作為承運(yùn)人簽訂服務(wù)合同。 NVOCCs may enter into service contracts as shippers, but not as carrier. 無船承運(yùn)人可以作為托運(yùn)人來簽訂服務(wù)合同，但不可以作為承運(yùn)人簽訂服務(wù)合同。 Allows a carrier to lawfully charge a negotiated, non-tariff rate. 允許承運(yùn)人合法地收取已達(dá)成協(xié)議的，非運(yùn)價(jià)本運(yùn)價(jià)。 Allows parties to keep the negotiated rate confidential. 允許簽約方對已達(dá)成協(xié)議的運(yùn)價(jià)保密。 Today, the vast majority of liner cargo in the U.S. trade moves under confidential service contracts. 目前，絕大多數(shù)美國航線的班輪貨物通過保密的服務(wù)合同運(yùn)輸。 Must be with qualified shipper(s). 必須與合格的托運(yùn)人簽訂服務(wù)合同。 Must include shipper cargo commitment and carrier rate and service commitments. 必須包括托運(yùn)人貨量承諾，承運(yùn)人運(yùn)價(jià)和服務(wù)承諾。 Must include shipper certification. 必須有托運(yùn)人的身份證明。 Must be signed by the carrier and the shipper. 必須由承運(yùn)人和托運(yùn)人簽署。 Must be filed with the FMC. 必須向 FMC 登記 Electronic filing is permitted. 允許電子登記 Rates kept confidential - certain “essential terms” published. 運(yùn)價(jià)保密 －一些“基本條款”公布 Service Contract Form 服務(wù)合同的格式 Term 1 = origin. 條款 1 ＝ 啟運(yùn)地 Term 2 = destination. 條款 2 ＝目的地 Term 3 = a list of commodities. 條款 3 ＝ 商品類別 Term 4 – MQC 條款 4 ＝ 最低箱量 Term 5 = Service Commitments 條款 5 ＝ 服務(wù)承諾 Term 6 = Rate Schedule 條款 5 ＝ 費(fèi)率表 Term 7 - Liquidated Damages Clause 條款 7 = 清算損失條款 Term 8 – Contract Term 條款 8 ＝ 合同期限 Term 9A = Legal names of contract parties. 條款 9A = 合同方的法定名稱 Term 9B = Identity of contract signatories. 條款 9B ＝ 簽字人的身份 Term 9C = Date the contract was signed. 條款 9C ＝ 合同簽字日 Other Provisions 其它條款 Term 10 = shipper certification. 條款 10 ＝ 托運(yùn)人的身份 Term 11 = contract records. 條款 11 ＝ 合同記錄 Term 12 = other provisions (including force majeure, cancel ation, arbitration, andassignment clauses) 條款 12 ＝ 其它條款（包括不可抗拒力，終止，仲裁和轉(zhuǎn)讓 條款） Signature Block 簽字欄 The Shipper Party 托運(yùn)方 Is the Shipper Party qualified? 托運(yùn)方是否合格？ Must be cargo owner, NVOCC, or shipper ‘s association.必須是貨主，無船承運(yùn)人和托運(yùn)人協(xié)會(huì) Cannot be freight forwarder. 不可以是貨運(yùn)代理人 Is the shipper party the party that wil use the contract? 托運(yùn)方是否為合同的使用方？ Cannot be agent or affiliate of shipper party. 不可以是托運(yùn)方的代理和附屬公司 Exception: Affiliate of BCO may be shipper 特殊情況：如果直接貨主的附屬 party if it wil be responsible for the freight. 公司負(fù)責(zé)運(yùn)費(fèi)，其可以是托運(yùn)方。 Must Use Full Legal Name 必須使用法定的全稱 The full legal name and business address 服務(wù)合同中必須顯示 of the shipper party must appear on the service contract.托運(yùn)方的法定全稱和營業(yè)地址。 Should usually include a corporate identifier (Inc., Ltd., Co.). （Inc., Ltd., Co.） 通常必須包括公司的標(biāo)志符 Contract heading, Term 9, and signature 合同的標(biāo)題，第 9 條款 block should match. 和簽字欄必須一致。 Affiliates 附屬公司 Shipper party may list affiliates entitled to use the service contract in Section 9. 托運(yùn)方可以在合同第 9 條款中列入有權(quán)使用服務(wù)合同的附屬公司。 An affiliate is a person that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the shipper party. 附屬公司是指擁有托運(yùn)方，被托運(yùn)方擁有或被同一公司擁有的實(shí)體。 The full legal name and business address of each affiliate must be included. 必須包括每一個(gè)附屬公司的法定全稱和營業(yè)地址。 Trade names may also be indicated in addition to the full legal name. 除法定全稱外，也可列入商號。 NVOCCs may not list affiliates. 無船承運(yùn)人不可列入附屬公司。 When the Service Contract May be Used 何時(shí)可以使用服務(wù)合同？ A service contract may not be used until the 只有在 SECAUCUS 辦公室 Secaucus office notifies the agent that the 通知代理服務(wù)合同已經(jīng)向 FMC service contract has been filed with the FMC. 登記后，服務(wù)合同才可以使用。 The Secaucus office will issue Daily Filing Notices. SECAUCUS 辦公室將發(fā)出“每日登記通 知”。 Enforcement of Service Contract Terms not to deviate from the service contract terms. 服務(wù)合同條款的執(zhí)行不可以偏離服務(wù)合同條款。 A contract may be amended to reduce MQC or extend the contract term. 服務(wù)合同可進(jìn)行修改減少最低箱量或延長服務(wù)合同 If the MQC (as amended, if applicable) is not satisfied, an invoice for liquidated damages must be issued within 30 days of the end of the service contract term.如果最低貨量沒有完成，在合同到期后 30 天內(nèi)發(fā)出清算損失發(fā)票。 Service Contract must be with qualified shipper. 服務(wù)合同必須與合格的托運(yùn)人簽訂。 Shipper Party is person that will use the contract. 托運(yùn)方為將會(huì)使用合同的人。 Full name (and trade name, if any) and address of shipper party and any affiliates entitled to use the contract must appear in Term 9. 條款 9 中必須顯示托運(yùn)方和任何有權(quán)使用合同的附屬公司的全稱（和商號，如果有）和營業(yè)地址。 If contract is with Shipper?s Association, Members entitled to use the contract must be listed. 如果與托運(yùn)人協(xié)會(huì)簽訂合同，合同中必須列入有權(quán)使用合同的成員公司。 All parties entitled to use contract must certify status. 所有有權(quán)使用合同的各方必須證明其身份。 Contract may not be used until filed with the FMC. 在沒有向 FMC 登記前，合同不可以使用。 Only shipper party and named affiliates (or listed members if SA) may use the contract. 只有托運(yùn)方和指名的附屬公司（或列入的托運(yùn)人協(xié)會(huì)的成員公司）可以使用合同。 D．條款 Contract Terms （and conditions ） 合同條款 Article 條 Section 節(jié)/項(xiàng) Item 款 Stipulation 規(guī)定 Essential terms 必備（主要）條款 Revision 修改 Alteration 更改 Contract Signatory 合同簽署方（人） Merchant 簽約方 Head-Contractor 總承包商 Sub-Contractor 分包商 Parties to the contract 合同（協(xié)議簽約）有關(guān)各方 E. 買賣方、中介 Manufacturer 制造（廠）商 Buyer 買方 Seller 賣方 Broker 中間人/ 掮客（跑街先生） Middle-man 中間人（商） OTI 遠(yuǎn)洋運(yùn)輸中介公司 NVO (NVOCC) Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier 無船承運(yùn)人 NVOCC Services may include but are not limited to： 無船承運(yùn)人提供的服務(wù)包括但不局限于： 1） purchasing transportation services from a VOCC and offering such services for resale to other persons 向船舶承運(yùn)人購買再向他人轉(zhuǎn)售運(yùn)輸服務(wù) 2） payment of port to port or multi-modal transportation charges 支付港到港或全程多式聯(lián)運(yùn)費(fèi)用 3） entering into affreightment agreements with underlying shippers 與大貨主簽訂運(yùn)輸合同 4） issuing bills of lading or equivalent documents 簽發(fā)提單或相同效用單證 5） arranging for inland transportation and paying for inland freight charges on through transportation movements 安排內(nèi)陸運(yùn)輸，從全程運(yùn)費(fèi)中支付內(nèi)陸運(yùn)費(fèi) 6） paying lawful compensation to ocean freight forwarders 向貨代支付合理傭金 7） leasing containers 負(fù)責(zé)租用（集裝箱）貨柜 8） entering into arrangements with origin or destination agents 與始發(fā)地、目的地代理簽訂合作協(xié)議，落實(shí)運(yùn)作 Any person operating in the US as an NVOCC shall furnish evidence of financial responsibility in the amount of USD 75000 在美國經(jīng)營無船承運(yùn)人必需提供保證金 75000 美元 Ocean Freight Broker 遠(yuǎn)洋攬貨代理（ 船東訂艙／營銷代理 ） Ocean Freight Broker is an entity which is engaged by a carrier to secure cargo for such carrier and/or offer for sale ocean transportation services which holds itself out to the public as one who negotiates between shipper or consignee and carrier for the purchase，sale，conditions and terms of transportation。 遠(yuǎn)洋攬貨代理系由船東經(jīng)營，專事為本公司攬貨，提供遠(yuǎn)洋運(yùn)輸服務(wù)的機(jī)構(gòu)。對外負(fù)責(zé)與收、發(fā)貨人洽談運(yùn)輸條款出售艙位等事宜。 An Ocean Freight Broker is not required to be licensed to perform those services。 遠(yuǎn)洋攬貨代理無需專辦經(jīng)營執(zhí)照 Cargo Forwarding Agent / Cargo Forwarder 貨運(yùn)代理 Freight Forwarding / Forwarder 貨運(yùn)代理 Ocean Freight Forwarder 遠(yuǎn)洋貨運(yùn)代理人 Freight Forwarding services may include，but are not limited to： 貨代服務(wù)包括但不局限于： 1） ordering cargo to port 安排將貨物運(yùn)送至港區(qū)（口） 2） preparing and/or processing export declarations 安排出口報(bào)關(guān) 3） booking，arranging for or confirming cargo space 安排訂艙，確認(rèn)艙位 4） preparing or processing delivery orders or dock receipts 安排裝貨單證（場站收據(jù)） 5） preparing and/or processing ocean bills of lading 安排海運(yùn)提單 6） preparing or processing consular documents or arranging for their certification 安排出口單證及貨物出口相關(guān)證書 7） arranging for warehouse storage 安排倉庫儲(chǔ)放 8） arranging for cargo insurance 安排貨運(yùn)保險(xiǎn) 9） clearing shipments in accordance with Government export regulations 根據(jù)政府有關(guān)出口規(guī)定辦理貨物出口清關(guān)手續(xù) 10） preparing and/or sending advance notifications of shipments or other documents to banks，shippers，or consignees，as required 繕制貨運(yùn)通知單及相關(guān)單證并按要求分送銀行、貨主或收貨人 11） handling freight or other money advanced by shippers，or remitting or advancing freight or other money or credit in connection with the dispatching of shipments 安排支付發(fā)貨人應(yīng)付海運(yùn)費(fèi)和其它費(fèi)用；支付、電匯海運(yùn)費(fèi)、及運(yùn)輸相關(guān)費(fèi)用 12） coordinating the movement of shipments from origin to vessel 協(xié)調(diào)貨物自出運(yùn)地至船舶 的運(yùn)輸 13） giving expert advice to exporters concerning letters of credit，other documents，license or inspections，or on problems about cargoes dispatch。 為出口商提供有關(guān)信用證、其它單證、執(zhí)照、檢驗(yàn)及其與貨物出運(yùn)相關(guān)問題的專業(yè)咨詢服務(wù) Any person operating in the US as an Ocean Freight Forwarder shal furnish evidence of financial responsibility in the amount of USD 50000。 在美國經(jīng)營貨代必需提供保證金 50000 美元 Shipping Agency / Agent 船務(wù)代理 Supplier / Provider 供方 F．公司 Head Office （Headquarters） 總公司 Board of Directors 董事會(huì) Director 董事 CEO 首席執(zhí)行官（總裁） CFO 財(cái)務(wù)總監(jiān) Regional Office 區(qū)域性公司 Local Office 地區(qū)公司 Affiliate 附屬（子）公司 Branch Office 分公司 Sub-office 支公司 Subsidiaries 下屬公司 Liaison Office 聯(lián)絡(luò)處 Rep. Office （Representative Office） 代表（辦事）處 Chief Representative 首席代表 Group Company 集團(tuán)公司 Conglomerate 集團(tuán)公司（企業(yè)集團(tuán)） G．收發(fā)貨人 Shipper SPR 發(fā)貨人/托運(yùn)人 Shipper may mean : 發(fā)貨人可以是： 1) a cargo owner 貨物持有者（真正意義上的貨主） 2） the person for whose account the ocean transportation is provided 遠(yuǎn)洋運(yùn)輸費(fèi)用支付人 3） the person to whom delivery is to be made 收貨人 4） a shippers? association an NVOCC that accepts responsibility for payment of al charges applicable under the tariff or service contract 貨主協(xié)會(huì)承擔(dān)支付運(yùn)價(jià)本費(fèi)率或服務(wù)合同費(fèi)用的無船承運(yùn)人 Consolidator A company that consolidates freight owned by various parties into one container. 拼箱貨發(fā)貨人 Consignor 發(fā)貨人 Consignee 收貨人 Notify Party 通知方 Second Notify Party 第二通知方 H．客戶 Customer /Client （customer） 客戶 Direct Account （ customer ） 直接客戶 Target Customer （目標(biāo)）大客戶 BCO Beneficial Owner of the cargo 直接貨主（制造廠商） Big Accounts 大客戶 VIP Customers 重要客戶 Agreement / Contract Customer 協(xié)議客戶 Long-term Customer 長期客戶 Potential Customer 潛在客戶 Picky customer 好挑剔的客戶 I．談判 Negotiation （Business Talk ） 談判 Compromise （ Meet half-way ） 折衷妥協(xié) 50 / 50 （ fifty to fifty / fifty fifty ） 折衷 Win-Win not a matter of percentage but principle 雙贏不是占多大比重而是原則問題 |
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