Unit 1 Making New Friends

一. 元音字母： Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu

包含有以下元音的字母：

[e]  Aa Hh Jj Kk         

[i:]  Ee Bb Cc Dd Gg Pp Tt Vv      

[a?] Ii Yy  

[ju:]  Uu Qq   Ww      

[e] Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz

二. 大小寫

句首字母，人名，地名，稱呼語，專有名詞，星期的首字母要大寫，引人注意。

· Look！Is that Jane?

· He comes from Hubei, China.

· Mr. Wang, this is my mom.

· —What class are you in?

—I’m in Class Ten, Grade Seven.

· On Sunday, we go to the West Hill for a picnic.

三. 問候語

1. Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.    

2. —Hello!/Hi!  —Hello!/Hi!

3. —Nice/Glad to see/meet you.  —Nice/Glad to see/meet you, too.

4. —Welcome to China/my home.  —Thanks.

5. —How do you do?  —How do you do?

6. —How are you?  —Fine, thank you. And you?  —I’m OK.

7. —See you then/ later.  —See you.    

8. —Goodbye.  —Bye.

9. —Thank you.  —You’re welcome./That’s OK./Not at all.

四. 數(shù)字句型

1. —How old are you/ is he/ are they?

—I’m/ He is/ They are eleven.

2. —What’s your telephone number?

—It’s 4567967.

3. —What class/ grade are you in?  

—I’m in Class Ten, Grade Seven.（注意大小寫）

五. 重要句型及短語

1. ---What’s your name? ---My name is Sally.

2. ---Where are you from? ---I’m from China.

---Where do you come from? ---I come from China.

3. ---Where is he/ she from? ---He/She is from Japan.

4. ---What’s this/ that in English? --- It’s a/ an… 

5. ---What’re these/ those in English? ---They’re…  

6. ---How do you spell it? ---E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser.

7. ---Can you spell it? ---Yes, M-A-P, map.

六. Be動詞的用法

· 我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它，單數(shù)用is，復(fù)數(shù)就用are。

· 含be動詞的陳述句變否定句在be后加not，變一般疑問句將be提前。

· 一般疑問句的肯定回答：Yes, 人稱代詞+ be；否定回答：No, 人稱代詞+be + not。

如：---They are teachers.  ---They are not teachers.

---Are they teachers?  ---Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.

七. 不定冠詞、定冠詞和and的用法

 (1)不定冠詞a, an的用法

a /an 都表示“一，一個”，a 用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前,如：a book; a desk; an 用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前，如：an apple / an orange/ an English book;/ an English boy/ an old man;/an actor/ an English teacher/ an office worker.

(2)the是定冠詞，表特指，單復(fù)數(shù)前面都可用

· We are in the same class.

· The girl in a pink skirt is Jane.

· Where is the book?

· This isn’t my bike. The blue one is mine.

(3) and的用法

· 數(shù)字相加看做單數(shù)： Two and three is five.

· 顏色相加也是單數(shù):   Black and white is gray.

· 人和事物相加是復(fù)數(shù)：Lucy and Lily are sisters. The pen and the eraser are Jane’s.

八. 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)

1. 規(guī)則變化

① 一般在名詞詞尾加-s，如：car---cars; photo---photos; toy---toys; boy---boys

② 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加--es，如：box---boxes; bus--buses

③ 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i再加es，如：baby--babies; family--families

4）以fe結(jié)尾，變fe為v再加es，如：knife--- knives

2. 不規(guī)則變化

如：foot---feet; man---men; woman---women; snowman---snowmen;

3. 集體名詞：people, clothes, police, family

4. 成雙出現(xiàn)的名詞：shoes, pants(trousers), gloves, eyes, ears

九. 一詞多義：An orange（桔子）is orange（橙色的）. 

Unit 2 Looking Different

一. 重點句型

1. Who is your favorite actor?

2. We are in the same school, but we are in different grades.

3. What do/does +主語+look like? ……長得怎么樣？

---What does he look like?

--- He is not very tall but very strong.

4. We don’t look the same, but we are good friends.

We look the same, but we are in different clothes.

5. ---What color is/are +主語？---It’s/ They’re +顏色.

---What color is her hair? ---It’s blond.

6. This is my cap. = This cap is mine.

Is this your cap? = Is this cap yours?

---Whose cap is this? = Whose is this cap? --- It’s Sally’s.

---Whose are these bananas? --- They’re their bananas/ theirs.

7. His pants are blue and mine are white.(mine=my pants)

My T-shirt is green and his is brown.(his=his T-shirt)

8. I have small eyes, but he has big ones.（ones指代eyes）

My jacket is blue and white. That one is blue. （one指代jacket）

二. 重點短語

1. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.把某物給某人

Please give it to her.

2. look the same 長相相同     

look different 長相不同，看起來不一樣

3. look like 看起來像

He looks like his father. = He and his father look the same.

4. next to 在……旁邊

The boy next to me is my good friend.

5. in +顏色  穿著……顏色的衣服

in +a/an +顏色+衣服  穿著……顏色的……

The boy in a yellow T-shirt and gray pants is my good friend.6. (1) both兩者都（be動詞之后，實義動詞之前）   

They both have brown hair and black eyes.

They are both office workers.

(2)all 三者或三者以上都

They are all kind to me. 

7. 數(shù)字+(形狀、大小)+顏色+n.  

two big red apples

She has short blond hair.

三. 動詞原形和動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式

（1）主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式（he、she、it；單一的人；單一的名字；單一的事物），動詞要用單三形式。實義動詞變第三人稱單數(shù)的規(guī)則：

① 一般情況直接加“s”，如：come---comes，meet---meets

② 動詞以o，s，sh，ch, x結(jié)尾，加“es”，如：do--does; go--goes; teach--teaches

③ 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i，再加es, 如：study--studies, fly--flies, try--tries

④ 特殊情況：have--has

（2）句型轉(zhuǎn)換

① 當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)：變否定句時，在動詞前加doesn’t, 動詞現(xiàn)原形；變一般疑問句時，在句首加does，動詞現(xiàn)原形。

一般疑問句的肯定回答：Yes, 人稱代詞+does；否定回答：No, 人稱代詞+doesn’t.

如：She has small eyes.

---She doesn’t have small eyes.

---Does she have small eyes?

---Yes, she does. /No, she doesn’t.

② 當(dāng)主語為第一、第二人稱變否定句，在動詞前加don’t，變一般疑問句，在句首加do，肯定回答：Yes, 人稱代詞+do；否定回答：No，人稱代詞+don’t.

They have small eyes.

---They don’t have small eyes.

--- Do they have small eyes?  

---Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.

四. 表示所屬關(guān)系

1. 名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞

形容詞性物主代詞   my    your   his   her    our   their    its

名詞性物主代詞    mine   yours   his   hers   ours  theirs   its

· --Whose is this pen? Is it yours?

· --No, it’s not mine. My pen is blue.

2. 名詞所有格

① 用于人或其他表示有生命的名詞后：

· 單數(shù)或不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)+’s，如：Jane’s book；Women’s Day

· 以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)+’如： Teachers’Day

· Lucy’s and Lily’s bags 分有   

Lucy and Lily’s room 共有

Those are Jane’s shoes.= Those shoes are Jane’s.

② of 表示所屬關(guān)系，用于沒有生命的物體，如：a map of China；a photo of my family